The period ca. 1600-1700 witnessed the emergence and development of a new type of instrumental music for one to three instruments with and without basso continuo. This new repertory employed a variety of often interchangeable names: sonata, canzona, sinfonia, dances (“da camera” and “da ballo”), sometimes forming suites. It is the scope of this anthology to reflect the richness and diversity of this repertory, which encompasses works by well known composers such as Salamone Rossi, Biagio Marini, Dario Castello, Girolamo Frescobaldi, Giovanni Battista Fontana, Giovanni Battista Buonamente, Marco Uccellini, Maurizio Cazzati, Giovan Battista Vitali, Giovanni Legrenzi, Giovanni Maria Bononcini, and Arcangelo Corelli. Many of the works by these composers are now available in modern editions. Consequently, it is our primary intention to supplement these available works with lesser known or unknown compositions and composers. We wish to bring much of this valuable music to light to be performed again, as well as help to provide more comprehensive historical insight into this rich century of instrumental music.